Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 FE PCB explained

On Wednesday, Nvidia released some of the unique features of its new GeForce RTX 4090 graphics card as well as the printed circuit board (PCB) design. In order to assure optimum power supply to the GPU and maximise its overclocking potential, it turns out that the business entirely reworked the card’s voltage regulating module (VRM) by adding a PID controller with a feedback loop.

The GeForce RTX 4090 Founders Edition graphics card from Nvidia is similar to its predecessor when fully built because it still has a robust dual-fan cooling system with a unibody design. However, the new product has a number of noticeable exterior and, more crucially, internal modifications.

The new GeForce RTX 4090 FE, like earlier generations of Founders Edition graphics cards, utilises a highly advanced yet small PCB with a triangular cut on its back that is intended to increase the effectiveness of Nvidia’s flow through thermal design.

The PCB contains a single 12+4-pin 12VHPWR extra PCIe Gen5 power connector that can supply up to 600W of power to the component, while the GeForce RTX 4090 FE from Nvidia is only capable of drawing 450W at the factory settings. The board also contains a 20+3-phase VRM (20 phases for the GPU and 3 phases for memory), which is a modest improvement over the GeForce RTX 3090/3090 Ti FE’s 18+3-phase power circuitry.

In order to lessen current peaks and valleys, Nvidia installed a PID controller with a feedback loop, effectively regulating power delivery to its GeForce RTX 4090 Founders Edition graphics card, according to TechPowerUp. Without providing an exact number, Nvidia claims that their new VRM provides a significantly faster power management response time. For stability under heavy loads and overclocked conditions, a reliable and clean power supply is essential. 

This function, which the environmentally friendly business refers to as “power transient management,” may be one of the ways it is able to overclock the AD102 graphics processor to 3 GHz without overvolting it or employing aggressive cooling techniques.

With the GeForce RTX 4090 FE, Nvidia not only redesigned power supply, but also improved the cooling system with larger fans that can move up to 20% more air. The new GDDR6X memory chips used in this card are also less power-hungry. We can only assume as to how the power consumption of DRAMs with PAM-4 signalings was decreased, but we propose that Micron makes these chips using a thinner production method, which naturally reduces their power consumption. Furthermore, with cooler memory, the cooling system will be able to overclock the GPU more effectively.

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